Lesson 5 Big Data
Big Data in Medicine
More complex analyses of Big Data will be changing the way health is assessed and medicine is practiced in the future.
The biomedical sciences are already so datadriven that biologists and doctors are accustomed to collecting, analyzing, and interpreting huge datasets with the help of supercomputers.
The Human Genome Project is a case in point.
It took 13 years to complete the first full genome sequence of one person, consisting of six billion base pairs.
These days, it only takes about 24 hours to sequence a person’'s genome, demonstrating the massive impact data analysis technology has had on the field.
Biomedical scientists are still trying to figure out what each gene in the sequence does and how they interact to affect our health.
They are optimistic that genomic data analysis will revolutionize our understanding of health and disease on a scale we cannot imagine now.
Biological variety on an individual level has necessitated a move from Big Data to “really” Big Data.
Each person is unique in terms of diet, environment, habits, and the relationships they have.
To add further complexity, hundreds of trillions of tiny bacteria live in the human intestinal tract, some of which help cells extract energy and maintain overall health, while others, like H. pylori, may cause stomach cancer or other diseases.
No individual has the same combination of gut bacteria, and they may adapt and change over time.
The enormous number of combinations can only be researched using Big Data analysis.
Soon, medical researchers hope to understand how an individual’s biological environment interacts with different microbes in order to create customized healthcare treatments.
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